The impact that pathogens and parasites have on different aspects of the biology of solitary hosts, including the evolution of different life history attributes and trade-offs has received a great deal of attention in the past 15 years.  However, little is known about the interaction between the environmental conditions surrounding eusocial hosts and their immune responses.  Using Principle Components Analysis (PCA) we describe the environment in and around termite colonies including temperature, relative humidity, soil pH and light. We then examine how these abiotic parameters and nest volume are related to two aspects of termite immunity in field-caught workers of the Caribbean termite Nasutitermes acajutlae: a) the phenoloxidase enzymatic cascade (PO activity) and b) total hemolymph protein. Both of these immune parameters have been implicated in the resistance to pathogens in solitary insects. PCA indicates that environmental components external to the nest (ambient temperature, ambient RH, soil temperature and light) comprise the majority (PC1 = 37.5%) of the variation accounted for by the abiotic components we measured. Internal variables (nest temperature and RH) and nest volume account for 19.6% (PC 2) of the variation with pH comprising 12.9% (PC3). Results of our regression analyses show that PO activity was positively related to ambient temperature and nest volume. In contrast to PO activity, the concentration of total hemolymph proteins decreased with increasing ambient temperature and internal nest relative humidity. Given that immunity is costly in insects, the increase of specific immune-related protein (such as phenoloxidase) at the expense of total hemolymph protein levels could represent a trade-off between the cellular and humoral components of the immune responses in termites.  Further studies exploring the relationship between the abiotic environment, termite immunity and susceptibility, and ultimately, termite colony fitness are currently underway.